改进平衡运输问题表上作业法中的最优方案判别法则

平衡运输问题数学模型的约束条件Ｘｉｊ≥，表明只讨论从发车点驶往收车点，不讨论任何形式的“逆向行驶”，但“逆向行驶”在运输实际中往往发生。本旨在通过改进平衡运输问题表上作业法中的判别法则，解决“逆向行驶”问题，使平衡运输方案真正达到最优化。     

Effect of Ultraviolet Disinfection of Hydroponic Solutions on Pythium Root Rot and Non-target Bacteria

Dispersal of root pathogens is a major concern in closed hydroponic cultures. To limit dispersal, ultraviolet (UV) disinfection technology has been used to remove pathogens but its effect on non-target bacterial populations is largely unknown. In this study, the circulating solution was disinfected with various UV doses (i.e., 19, 38, 59, 88mJcm^–2) before recirculation. At the beginning of the experiment, the hydroponic solution was inoculated with Pythium aphanidermatum at 6.7±1.5CFUmL^–1. Four months later the population density of P. aphanidermatum reached 1030CFUmL^–1 in the control and 1028, 970, 610, and 521CFUmL^–1 in the solutions treated by the above UV doses. In all UV-treated solutions, significant (P<0.05) reduction of both Pythium and bacterial populations was noted. For the former, its reduction did not result in decrease of Pythium root rot nor increase of tomato fruit yield. For the latter, its reduction showed a concomitant decrease of the populations in the rhizosphere. The bacterial populations in the rhizosphere were 6.77×10⁹CFUmg^–1 fresh roots at the beginning of the experiment and were 7.89×10⁸, 9.93×10⁷, 7.33×10⁷, and 3.51×10⁷CFUmg^–1 fresh roots at the end of the experiment in the control, UV38, UV59, and UV88 treatments, respectively. The bacterial density also decreased with time in the control (UV0) although at a low rate. The results suggest that the attempt to control Pythium root rot by UV irradiation of recirculating solutions to remove P. aphanidermatum also affects the non-target bacterial populations in the rhizosphere. The interaction between the target pathogen and non-target bacterial flora in UV-treated hydroponics needs further investigation.     

扁穗牛鞭草组织浸出液对潜在混生种萌发及幼苗的影响

采用生物检测的方法研究了扁穗牛鞭草根、茎、叶水浸液对潜在混生种的化感作用。结果表明,扁穗牛鞭草根、茎、叶水浸液对牧草种子萌发的化感作用大体包括延迟和抑制萌发2种方式;不同浓度的化感物质对幼根和幼苗伸长的影响表现为促进、抑制或多种作用并存,0.100%和0.200%浓度的茎、叶水浸液使白三叶幼根扭曲畸变,0.200%浓度根水浸液使紫花苜蓿叶片变小皱缩。经初步试验表明,扁穗牛鞭草较理想的混生种是红三叶。     

中药穴位注射对奶牛胎衣不下的疗效观察

奶牛产后胎衣不下对奶牛业造成极大的经济损失。本试验旨在研究一种简便易行、成本低、高效的非手术治疗方法。本试验应用当归及复方丹参注射液经百会穴及交巢穴注射,使胎衣排出率达100%,用药后的当年受孕牛占96.2%。可见,此方法可以有效治疗奶牛产后胎衣不下并能提高奶牛的当年受孕率。     

硅对紫花苜蓿品质元素的影响

通过田间试验及实验室分析，结果表明，硅对紫花苜蓿分枝期和成熟期根瘤数的影响作用显著，但对粗蛋白含量影响不显著。施硅对紫花苜蓿在分枝期的钾含量影响不显著，对紫花苜蓿在现蕾期叶和茎的钾含量有影响，而硅对紫花苜蓿现蕾期根的钾含量没有影响。不同施硅量对紫花苜蓿分枝期地上和地下部分的钙含量有影响。随着施硅量的增加钙含量要高于对照。但其地下部分的钙含量随着施硅量的增加反而减少，而对紫花苜蓿在现蕾期叶、茎和根的钙含量影响不大。在紫花苜蓿叶片背面气孔部进行面扫描显示，随着硅量的增加，叶片背面气孔部位的硅、钙、铝、镁元素的相对含量也在增加，铁的含量在减少，钾的相对含量在低硅处理时增加，在中高硅量的处理时，变化不是很大，而磷的相对含量与施硅量的关系不明显。     

Cryopreservation of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) shoot tips by encapsulation-vitrification

Shoot tips excised from in vitro cultured plants of Dianthus caryophyllus L. (cv. Pallas, cv. Pink Candy and cv. Wanessa) were successfully cryopreserved using an encapsulation-vitrification method. Shoot tips (2–3 mm in length) were encapsulated in sodium alginate, precultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with various sucrose concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 M) for 24 h or 48 h and dehydrated with the vitrification solution PVS2 (up to 4 h) at 24 °C or 0 °C prior to direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C). A maximum of shoot regeneration from cryopreserved shoot tips was obtained with the following combinations: preculture in 0.5 M sucrose and 180 min dehydration treatment at 0 °C for cv. Pallas (60% shoot formation), or preculture in 0.75 M and 200 min dehydration at the same temperature for cv. Pink Candy (66.6% shoot formation) and cv. Wanessa (73% shoot formation).     

Pretreatment of hypertonic saline attenuates the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury induced by neutrophils

AIM: To explore the effect of the pretreatment of hypertonic saline (HTS) in hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury.METHODS: The rats were divided into sham group (sham group), ischemia reperfusion group (IR group) and pretreatment of hypertonic saline group (HTS group). Partial hepatic ischemia reperfusion model was used. The rats were sacrificed at the time of 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion in each group, respectively. Blood samples were obtained to examine ALT. The expression of the CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) on the neutrophils was analyzed by flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to examine the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in livers and chromatometry was performed to detect the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in livers. The morphology of hepatocytes and the structure of sinusoid were observed by histological examinations. RESULTS: ① HTS pretreatment decreased the level of ALT at the time points of 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after reperfusion (P<0.05). ② Mac-1 expression in HTS group was lower at 6 h and 12 h after reperfusion compared with IR group (P<0.05). ③ MPO activity in HTS group was lower at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h compared with IR group (P<0.05). ④ RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis indicated that the pretreatment of HTS inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 in livers after reperfusion. ⑤ Moderate hepatocyte swelling and few neutrophil infiltration were observed in HTS group.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with HTS has the effect on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of Mac-1 on circulating neutrophils and the expression of ICAM-1 in the liver.     

蘑菇培养料加入864菌液发酵与二次发酵的效果比较

通过加入８６４菌液发酵和二次发酵栽培蘑菇的试验,比较培养料中微生物群落、培养料成份及产菇量,说明加入８６４菌液发酵是代替二次发酵栽培蘑菇的较好方法。     

二阶泛函微分方程周期解存在性的重合度方法

利用 Ｍａｗ ｈｉｎ 的重合度理论，研究了二阶泛函微分方程周期解的存在性，并举例说明了其应用⒚     

菊花无土栽培技术研究

采用无土栽培技术，对９０余个品种的２６０余盆菊花进行了营养液配方及基质、栽培方式的试验研究，认为在太原市水质及气候条件下，菊花的无土栽培方式以虹吸式、半液式为宜，营养液配方采用３号配方、１号配方或朱士吾提出的通用配方略加调整。